Panchanghora, also known as “Panchanguli” in some regions, is a traditional Bengali art form that has been passed down through generations. It is a form of hand puppetry that involves the use of five fingers, hence the name Panchanghora (pancha means five and ang means finger).
Originating in Bengal, India, Panchanghora has a rich history and cultural significance. It is believed to have been practiced since ancient times and has been an integral part of Bengali folk culture. The art form was traditionally performed by itinerant artists who would travel from village to village, entertaining and educating people about various myths, legends, and moral stories.
The puppets used in Panchanghora are made of wood and cloth. The head and limbs of the puppets are carved out of wood, while the body is made of cloth. The puppets are then dressed in vibrant costumes, which are often adorned with intricate embroidery and embellishments. Each puppet represents a character, such as gods, goddesses, demons, or humans, and is brought to life using the puppeteer’s skillful manipulation of the fingers.
The performance of Panchanghora is a visual treat, accompanied by live music and storytelling. The puppeteer, known as “sutradhar,” sits behind a curtain or screen and controls the movements of the puppets with his or her fingers. The puppets are attached to strings that are tied to the fingers, allowing the sutradhar to create various expressions and movements. The puppeteer also uses his or her voice to mimic the voices of different characters, adding depth and realism to the performance.
The stories depicted in Panchanghora are often derived from ancient Indian epics like the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. These stories are not only a source of entertainment but also serve as a medium for imparting moral values and cultural knowledge. The sutradhar uses the puppets to act out scenes from these stories, captivating the audience and creating a deep connection between the performers and the spectators.
Panchanghora has become more than just a form of entertainment; it has become a symbol of Bengali culture and heritage. The art form has been recognized by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity, highlighting its significance and uniqueness. Efforts have been made to preserve and promote Panchanghora, with workshops and training programs being conducted to pass on the skills and techniques to the younger generation.
In recent years, Panchanghora has gained popularity beyond its traditional roots. It has been showcased in various cultural festivals and events, both in India and abroad, attracting a wider audience and appreciation. The intricate craftsmanship and storytelling abilities of Panchanghora have captivated people from different cultures, creating a sense of unity and understanding.
Exploring the traditions and significance of Panchanghora provides insight into the rich cultural heritage of Bengal and India as a whole. It is a reminder of the importance of preserving and celebrating traditional art forms, as they connect us to our roots and provide a window into our history. So, the next time you come across a Panchanghora performance, take a moment to appreciate the artistry and craftsmanship that has been passed down through generations and immerse yourself in the captivating world of hand puppetry.
